The Eighth Circuit has determined that Iowa’s definition of cocaine in 2013 is overbroad as compared to the federal definition because it included the cocaine analogue Ioflupane, which was excluded from the CSA in 2019. Practitioners will need to verify if the statutes at issue included or excluded the analogue in the time period relevant to their case.

The full text of United States v. Perez can be found here:

https://ecf.ca8.uscourts.gov/opndir/22/08/212130P.pdf

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